![]() ![]() ![]() Iron deficiency anemia has also been implicated. Studies of psychological factors have reported an association between pica and stress, child neglect and abuse, and maternal deprivation. ![]() Many factors have been implicated in the etiology of pica however, no direct causality has been established. It is not unusual to notice that younger children are frequently eating nonnutritive substances. It is important to understand that in order to diagnose pica, the individual must be at least 2 years of age. Pica usually occurs as an isolated disorder but there are instances when it may co-exist with schizophrenia, OCD, and trichotillomania. In some parts of the world, the consumption of non-nutritive substances is culturally accepted. In women, it is most often seen during pregnancy. Īlthough pica is seen in children, it is also a common eating disorder in patients who are intellectually impaired. The nature of ingested items is variable, including but not limited to earth (geophagy), raw starches (amylophagy), ice (pagophagia), charcoal, ash, paper, chalk, cloth, baby powder, coffee grounds, and eggshells. For diagnosis, the behavior must persist for at least one month, not be in keeping with the child's developmental stage (and age cut off of 24 months or more is suggested by DSM V), and not be socially normative or culturally acceptable behavior. The term is derived from "pica-pica," the Latin word for the magpie bird, because of the bird's indiscriminate gathering and eating a variety of objects for the sake of curiosity. Conclusions: In the present study, pregnancy pica was not important risk factor for PPD but there were similar risk factors such as iron supplementation during and postpartum pregnancy with pica and PPD.The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) defines pica as eating nonnutritive, nonfood substances over a period of at least one month. Result: In this study, there wasn't a significant association between PPD and pica during pregnancy (P=0.153, OR=2.043, CI=0.767, 5.438), but, postpartum depression has a significant association with type (clay) (P= 0.024) and duration (more than 2 months) (P= 0.023) of pica practice. The data was analyzed by both descriptive and analytic analyses such as chi-squared and logistic regression in SPSS version 16. In addition to collecting demographic and pica data, the Edinburgh Depression Scale was used. 152 depressed women (case group) and 148 non-depressed women (control group) were selected randomly from these health care centers. Method: This is case-control study was carried out in health centers in west Tehran. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of postpartum depression with pica during pregnancy. Pica is an eating disorder characterized by persistent ingestion of substances that the consumer does not define as food. Introduction and Objectives: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common disorder and social debilitating that has adverse effects on the mother, child and family. The study of pica in pregnant women and its association with anxiety and depression is very important because the consequences can be serious and even result in maternal or fetal death. This problem is particularly severe when the woman presents an eating disorder like pica. ![]() Women who have inadequate nutrient intake are more likely to develop a risky pregnancy. Significance The nutritional status of the pregnant woman represents an important factor for the development of the fetus and for a healthy pregnancy. Moreover, additional efforts need to focus in the improvement of screening for other eating disorders with obstetric consequences associated with pica and be incorporated into the routine of healthcare professionals. Conclusions The absence of validated instruments in the literature for assessing pica reinforces the difficulty of investigating this practice and the need for further studies. The association between pica and signs related to the eating attitudes: ''to be considered too thin by others'' (p \ 0.02), and ''to spend too much time thinking about food'' (p = 0.05) and the association between pica and the risk of both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa (p \ 0.01) were statistically significant. Results Pica was diagnosed in 5.7 % of the pregnant women, and its most commonly practiced type was geophagia (57.7 %). Structured interviews were carried out and the Eating Attitudes Test was applied. Methods A cross-sectional and prospective 24-month study was conducted with 913 women with high-risk pregnancies. Objective To describe and determine the association between the occurrence of pica and eating attitudes in women with high-risk pregnancies and to determine the prevalence of pica during pregnancy. ![]()
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